Computed tomography-guided percutaneous cryoablation of T1b renal tumors: safety, functional and oncological outcomes

摘要

Purpose: To evaluate the safety, functional and oncological outcomes associated with percutaneous cryoablation of stage T1b renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and methods: Institutional database was reviewed to identify patients treated by percutaneous CT-guidance cryoablation between 2013 and 2018 for biopsy-proven RCC tumors measuring 4.1-7.0?cm. The main outcome parameters analyzed were primary and secondary technique efficacy, progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and complications. PFS and CSS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Complications were graded by the Clavien-Dindo system. Results: Twenty-three consecutive patients were included (mean tumor diameter: 45.6?±?6.2?mm; mean RENAL score: 8.1?±?1.8). The technical success rate was 95.7%. Primary and secondary technique efficacy rates were 86.3 and 100%, respectively. Three patients found to have incomplete ablations at 3?months were successfully treated by repeat cryoablation. Median duration follow-up was 11?months (range: 3-33). Imaging showed PFS to be 85.7% at 6?months, 66.7% at 12?months and 66.7% at 24?months. One patient with a local recurrence at 12?months was treated by radical nephrectomy. One patient died from progression of disease within 12?months. One patient reported a complication grade?≥?II (4.3%). Mean eGFR loss was 4.4?±?8.5?ml/min/1.73m2, which was significantly higher among those treated for central tumors (p??.05). Conclusion: Cryoablation for stage T1b renal tumors is technically feasible, with favorable oncological and perioperative outcomes. Longer-term studies are needed to verify our findings.