Secondary Particulate Matter Originating from an Industrial Source and Its Impact on Population Health

摘要

Epidemiological studies have reported adverse associations between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM_2.5) and several health outcomes. One issue in this field is exposure assessment and, in particular, the role of secondary PM_2.5, often neglected in environmental and health risk assessment. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the long-term environmental and health impact of primary and secondary PM_2.5 concentrations originating from a single industrial source. As a case study, we considered a coal power plant which is a large emitter of both primary PM_2.5 and secondary PM_2.5 precursors. PM_2.5 concentrations were estimated using the Calpuff dispersion model. The health impact was expressed in terms of number of non-accidental deaths potentially attributable to the power plant. Results showed that the estimated secondary PM_2.5 extended over a larger area than that related to primary PM_2.5 with maximum concentration values of the two components well separated in space. Exposure to secondary PM_2.5 increased significantly the estimated number of annual attributable non-accidental deaths. Our study indicates that the impact of secondary PM_2.5 may be relevant also at local scale and ought to be considered when estimating the impact of industrial emissions on population health.