Design of patch antennas suspended on air for Bluetooth and UNII bands by inserting a shorting pin

摘要

The design of a novel quad band patch antenna for wireless communications in Bluetooth, UNII-1, UNII-2, UNII-2 extended and UNII-3 bands is proposed in t his paper. A substrate with dielectric constant 3.2 and thickness 0.762mm is used for the design. The patch dimensions (20 × 14 mm) are similar to that of the conventional rectangular patch for the center frequency of the UNII-1 band which is 5200 MHz by considering a single substrate. In addition there is an air substrate with thickness of 3mm and the antenna is fed by a 50? coaxial cable. The size of ground plane is 40 × 14 mm and the size of substrate is 30 × 14 mm. Genetic algorithm optimization (GAO) is used to optimize the patch geometry, feed position and shorting position. Simulations are carried out by using HFSS. Results show that inserting a shorting pin between the patch and the ground plane makes the antenna resonates at a lower frequency. These small antennas can be useful for small handsets, laptops, electronic wallets, etc.