Effectiveness of a General Management Plan in Mitigating Human-Wildlife Conflicts and Enhancing Conservation: A Case Study of Wami-mbiki Wildlife Management Areas, Tanzania

摘要

This study assessed the effectiveness of Wami-Mbiki WMA General Management Plan (GMP) in mitigating human-wildlife conflicts and enhancing conservation. The study took place in Kaloleni, Mwidu, and Visakazi villages which are administratively in Bagamoyo District. Data were collected by using questionnaire survey, key informants interviews, physical site visits, focus group discussions and archive information. A total of 100 respondents were involved in this study. Results indicated that respondents perceived high human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) and increased biodiversity degradation by 66.6% and 64.4% respectively before having a GMP in place. However, HWC's decreased and wildlife conservation was also enhanced after the GMP became operational, implying the effectiveness of the plan. Despite the good performance of the plan the study observed several weaknesses hindering efficient performance of the plan. The weaknesses among others include lack of both GMP annual implementation strategies and community awareness on the importance of the GMP. For the GMP to be effective, the study recommends the preparation and implementation of a holistic of participatory land use plans for all villages forming the WMA.