Antibiotic Usage Pattern in Poultry and Resistance Pattern of Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Droppings in Akure, Nigeria

摘要

Antibiotic resistant and foodborne pathogenic bacteria of poultry origin have become important and a threat to public health, this is as a result of the continual use of the antibiotics in poultry. This study therefore aimed to provides information on Antibiotic Usage and Resistance Pattern of Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Droppings in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Isolation, identification and characterization of bacterial isolates were carried out by standard microbiological method, surveillance on antibiotic usage in poultry was carried out by administering multiple choice structured questionnaires while disc diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility test. Samples of fresh poultry dropping were obtained from layers, broilers chicken in Akure, Nigeria. Bacterial pathogens isolated were mainly Enterobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and Micrococcus luteus. Escherichia coli 77 (53.50%) is the most prevalent bacteria, most poultry farm employed more than one antibiotics, twenty-one (21) different antibiotic usage patterns was observed with Enrofloxacin, NCO, Chlortetracycline and Keproceryl being the most used antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance pattern based on the most used antibiotics in poultry revealed that resistance to tetracycline 89.36% was higher in the isolates from farms that used Chlortetracycline mostly and resistance to gentamicin 51.72%, cloxacillin 100%, and erythromycin 100% was higher in those isolates from farms that used Keproceryl mostly. Conclusively, the conventional use of antibiotics in poultry may have resulted to the antibiotic resistance pattern observed in human pathogenic bacterial isolates which can be acquired by man through the food chain.