A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Solutions for Different Layers of the TCP/IP Layer Stack and Security Issues for Cognitive Radio Networks

摘要

A cognitive radio network (CRN) is composed of both the secondary users with CRenabled radios and the primary users whose radios need not be CR-enabled. In this paper, we provide an exhaustive analysis of the issues and the state-of-the-art literature solutions available for the following four layers of the TCP/IP protocol stack, in the context of CRNs: physical layer (spectrum sensing), medium access control, routing, and transport layers. We discuss the various techniques/mechanisms/protocols proposed for each of these four layers, in the context of CRNs. In addition, we discuss several security attacks that could be launched on CRNs and the countermeasure solutions proposed to avoid or mitigate them. This paper would serve as a good comprehensive review and analysis of all the critical aspects for CRNs as well as would lay a strong foundation for someone to further delve onto any particular aspect in greater depth.