The aim of the paper was to evaluate the level of inbreeding in the population of Slovak Pinzgau cattle and its economical influence to milk production traits. The average numbers of ancestors were 20.4 and 20.1 at the sides of sires and dams, respectively. The equivalent number of known generations was 3.19 – 1.21. Population of 5896 animals was evaluated, from which 3.6 % were inbreed. The mean value of the inbreeding coefficient (Fx) was 3.077 %. Higher number of inbreed animals was observed in the evaluated population compared to their ancestors, but the mean value of Fxdecreasedcontinuously from value of 13.28 % in the 3rdgeneration of ancestors to 2.48 % in base population. Animals with coefficient of inbreeding lower than 0.01 can be treated as outbreed. Increased inbreeding had negative impact on SPI and EBV of milk, fat and protein production. It was observed inbreeding depression -39,60 SKK of SPI, 8,95 kg in EBV of milk, 0,37 kg in EBV of fat and 0,36 kg in EBV of protein
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