Forest monitoring sistem in Romania, dynamics of romanian forest health status over the period 1990-2002

摘要

During the 1980s, dieback intensified in the European forests. This factconvinced Romania and most of the European countries to develop the evalu-ation and surveying process covering the main factors having an impact onforests. In Romania, research dealing with the elaboration of a technical-organisational concept was developed between 1983 and 1985. This conceptdealt with the surveying system used to control the quality of environmentalfactors in the forestry estate (Patrascoiu et al. 1985). The system had beenexperimented in the following period (1986-1989). In 1990, it was applied tothe entire national forestry estate (Patrascoiu and Badea. 1990).Today, the organization and functioning of the national forest monitoringsystem is ensured by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Waters andEnvironmental, ROMSILVA and Forest Research and Management Institute(ICAS, as National Focal Centre).This system is functioning in accordance with Low no.444/2002 on"Elaboration and Financing of National Monitoring System soil-land for agri-culture and soil-forest vegetation for forestry".The forest condition survey in Romania is done according to Resolutionno.1 and 6 of the Strasbourg Ministerial Conference (1990), Agenda no.21from Rio de Janeiro (1992) and Resolution no.3 of the Helsinki MinisterialConference (1993). At international level, Romania takes part in theInternational Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of AirPollution Effects on Forests (ICP-Forests).The main objectives of the forest survey in Romania are achieved with thesupport of investigations at two levels:Level I - a large scale forest condition survey, based on permanent plots(4x4 km) and European (16x16 km) networks, with lower assessment intensi-ty.Level II - studies and research of intensive nature in a non-systematic sur-vey network placed in forest ecosystems suitable for cause-effect relationshipstudies and located where critical threshold values of pollution are likely to bepresent. Results on Romanian forest health status over the period 2000-2002Forest Research and Management Institute, Bucharest, RomaniaAnale I.C.A.S., 46 var currentpos,timer; function initialize() { timer=setInterval("scrollwindow()",10);} function sc(){clearInterval(timer); }function scrollwindow() { currentpos=document.body.scrollTop; window.scroll(0,++currentpos); if (currentpos != document.body.scrollTop) sc();} document.onmousedown=scdocument.ondblclick=initialize222show that for all species the share of damaged trees (classes 2-4) registeredvalues between 9.7% in 1991 and 21.2% in 1994. For conifers the share ofdamaged trees was between 7.0% (1991) and 16.6% (in 1993) and forbroadleaves between 10.4% (in 1991) and 22.9% (in 1994).At species level, Norway spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvati-ca) were the least affected, with shares of damaged trees between 6.4% (in1991) - 15.3% (1993) and 6.3% (1991) - 15.1% (1994), respectively. For sil-ver fir (Abies alba) the percentage of damaged trees registered the lowest valuein 1991 (9.0%) and the highest in 1994 (22.3%). Among broadleaves, the mostaffected species were Quercus pedunculiflora + Quercus pubescens andQuercus frainetto, the share of damaged trees varying between 19.0% (in1990) - 30.5% (in 1994) and 19.0% (in 1990, 1991) - 45.5% (in 1994), respec-tively.Over the entire analyzed period, the forests from the southern and south-eastern part of the country were the most damaged mainly due to the droughtwhich lasted for a long period (the last15-20 years) in these parts