Gene Action Study for Morphological Traits in Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)

摘要

Food safety and food security is usually thought of as a concern for human populations and thus would probably be more focused on the field crops. The study was conducted in the Experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, to analyze the performance of some lines and testers of sunflower for achene yield and its related morphological traits during 2013-2014. Ten Sunflower lines A6.4, C2.22, C3.14, A2.23, A12.1, 36, C2.19, A13.1, 34 and A12.19 were crossed with five male lines C3.1, A7.3, A12.2, C2.27 and A7.25 in line × tester design. The estimates of general combining ability (GCA) effects for lines showed that the lines C3.41 (-23.5), 34 (2.64), A12.1 (36.5), C2.22 (0.73), A2.23 (2.395),C2.19 (2.168),A2.23 (3.42) A2.23 (0.70) and A12.19 (50.43) showed the significant GCA effects for the following characters, respectively leaf area, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh head diameter, dry head diameter, average yield per plant, hundred achene weight and average yield per plot, respectively. Heterosis studies revealed that the best cross combination C3.14 × A7.25 for plant height, 34 × C3.1 for number of leaves per plant, A13.1 × C3.1 for leaf area, A6.4 × A12.2 for stem diameter of plant, A2.23 × A12.2 for fresh head diameter, A13.1 × C3.1 for dry head diameter, A12.1 × A7.25 the trait of average yield per plant, 36 × C2.27 for hundred achene weight and A12.1 × A7.25 for average yield per plot.