Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) a?? Major Pest in Apple Production: an Overview of its Biology, Resistance, Genetic Structure and Control Strategies

摘要

The codling moth Cydia pomonella (CM) (Linnaeus) is a key pest in pome fruit production with a preference for apple. The pest is very adaptable to different climatic conditions and is known for developing resistance to several chemical groups of insecticides. Because of these reasons, the populations of codling moth are differentiated in many ecotypes of various biological and physiological development requirements. The article provides a bibliographic review of investigation about: morphology, biology, dispersal, damages, resistance to insecticides, population genetic structure and genetic control of this pest.