Gamma-Ray Bursts as Multienergy Neutrino Sources

摘要

We review theoretical models for nonelectromagnetic emission,mainly neutrinos and cosmic rays, from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In various stages of the relativistic jet propagation,cosmic-ray ion acceleration and subsequent neutrino emission areexpected. GRBs are popular candidate sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays,and their prompt phase has been most widely discussed. IceCube nondetection of PeV neutrinos coincident with GRBshas put interesting constraints on the standard theoretical prediction. The GRB-UHECR hypothesis can critically be tested by future observations. We also emphasize the importance of searches for GeV-TeV neutrinos,which are expected in the precursor/orphan or prompt phase,and lower-energy neutrinos would be more guaranteed and theirdetections even allow us to probe physics inside a progenitor star. Not only classical GRBs but also low-power GRBs and transrelativisticsupernovae can be promising sources of TeV-PeV neutrinos, and webriefly discuss implications for the cumulative neutrino backgrounddiscovered by IceCube.