Limit analysis is a useful method to calc1ulate bearing capacity of footings, earth pressure of retaining walls, stability of slopes and excavations. In recent years, many efforts have been focused on stability problems of geotechnical structures with the limit analysis method. The limit analysis method includes the upper and lower bound theorems. By using the two theorems, the range, in which the true solution falls, can be found. In this paper upper bound finite element limit analysis is used for calculate active earth force on retaining walls in non-homogeneous soils. Elements with linear strain rates cause to eliminate the necessity of velocity discontinuities between the elements. Nonlinear programming based on second order cone programming (SOCP) ,which has good conformity with Mohr-Coulomb criterion used in this paper. The sensitivity of active earth force against backfill surcharge (q), soil layers cohesion (Ci), soil layers unit weight (γsubi/sub) and friction angle between soil and wall (δsubi/sub) is surveyed.
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机译：极限分析是计算基础承载力，挡土墙土压力，边坡和开挖稳定性的有用方法。近年来，利用极限分析方法将许多精力集中在岩土结构的稳定性问题上。极限分析方法包括上下定理。通过使用两个定理，可以找到真实解的落差范围。本文采用上限有限元分析法来计算非均质土中挡土墙上的主动土力。具有线性应变率的元件导致消除了元件之间速度不连续的必要性。基于二阶锥规划（SOCP）的非线性规划，与本文所用的Mohr-Coulomb准则具有很好的一致性。主动土力对回填附加费（q），土层内聚力（Ci），土层单位重量（γ i ）和土与墙之间的摩擦角（δ i ）被调查。
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