Protection of galleries with the use of mineral binders conveyed pneumatically in Polish coal mines

摘要

Due to the increasing depth of coal mining, the particularly difficult and also specific conditions of the environment that are present in the Polish mining industry, the new technical problems appear. The efficiency of mining industry depends, among others, on limiting the influence of underground mining on rock mass and surface, maintaining the underground excavations, improving the ventilation conditions and properly implementing the fire prevention. In practice, for the implementation of these tasks appropriate technologies are being used, such as: constructing packwalls as well as insulating and explosion-proof dams, sealing of rocks, filling voids in rock mass and behind the support. The article presents the current state of theoretical and practical knowledge on protecting galleries of longwalls with cavings through the construction of a packwall made of mineral binders. The author describes pneumatic binder conveying system with individual components of this system. The paper presents successive calculation steps of the pneumatic conveying system used in coal mining. Mode of transport of mineral binders has a significant impact on their physical and mechanical properties. The choice of pneumatic transport to convey mineral mining binders confirmed itself in practice in coal mines: "Julian", "Piast", "Marcel", Szczyg.owice", "Anna", "Rydu.towy".