Сравнительный анализ спектра возбудителей мочевой инфекции у детей Иркутской области и динамика бактериальной резистентности в 2002-2004 и 2014-2016 гг

摘要

In the structure of diseases of the urinary system in children, microbial-inflammatory lesions of the kidneys and urinary tract are 70-80 %. The prevalence of infections of urinary system in children in the Russian Federation is on average 18-22 per 1000 children's population. The aim of the study was to analyze the spectrum of infectious agents of urinary infection in children and to determine the dynamics of bacterial resistance. We analyzed 330 cases of urinary system infection in children aged from 2 months up to 18 years in two time periods - 2002-2004 and 2014-2016 (n = 114 and n = 216, respectively). Patients of both periods were divided into three groups: the first one - cystitis, the second one - pyelonephritis and the third group - a combination of pyelonephritis and cystitis. An obligatory criterion for including the patient in the study was the presence of a pathogmonic combination of leukocyturia and bacteriuria, 10 5 KOE/ml, for the infection of the urinary system. The main causative agent of urinary infection in children remains E. coli. An increase is marked in the specific gravity of E. coli, Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp., Pr. vulgaris. The study revealed the growth of E. coli resistance to cephalosporins of 11, HI, IV generations; decreased resistance of Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin and gentamicin. In the study of the sensitivity of Klebsiella spp. an increase was detected in resistance to cephalosporins of the III generation. We identified the main pathogens of infections of the urinary system and determined bacterial resistance.