Impact of Common Mixed Effluent of Sipcot Industrial Estate on Histopathological and Biochemical Changes in Estuarine Fish Lates calcarifer

摘要

The present study deals with the toxicity of common mixed effluent of SIPCOT Industrial Estate on histopathological changes of gills and biochemical changes in gills, hepatopancreas and muscle of an important estuarine fish Lates calcarifer. When fish was exposed to 10, 15 and 20% effluent concentrations, alteration in the structure of gills was observed. In fish exposed to 10% concentration, swelling, hyperplasia, hypertrophy and proliferation of chloride cells of gills were observed, but in 15% effluent, lifting up of the epithelium and lamellar fusions were seen. In 20% effluent treated fishes, disintegration of epithelial cells, desquamated epithelium, haemorrhage and complete damage of epithelial cells of both primary and secondary lamellae w ere observed. Overall reduction in total protein, total DNA, total RNA, glycogen content, protein bound sugars and total lipid of gills, hepatopancreas, and muscle was observed. The biochemical changes were higher in 20% effluent treated fish than that of 15 and 10% effluent treated fish. The result of the present study recommends proper dilution of the effluent before its discharge.