Compartment syndrome developed due to the plaster cast :Three cases report

摘要

Compartment syndrome can occur as a result of the complication of the plaster cast applications ,which are frequently used for fracture stabilization. This syndrome occurs due to increased compartment volume or shrinking of compartment area because of edema, hemorrage or high pressure of tissues. All of these mechanisms causes arteriolar compression, resulting nerve and muscle ischemia. Intensive and continuous pain is common and limits the motions of the patient and increases with passive stretching of the involved muscles. Swelling of limb, change in skin color, peripheral vasculatory failure symptoms such as pallor,weak arterial pulsation and as a result of peripheral nerve damage, sensorimotor deficit can also be observed. Clinical evaluation, measure of pressure within the compartment, and electroneuromyography (ENMG) can be used for the diagnosis. In addition to treatment of to the treatment of etiology and pain, further treatment options such as fasciotomy, physiotherapy modalities, tendon transfers, can be performed. In this case report, we will discuss three patients with nerve lesions as a result of the compartment syndrome that developed due to the plaster casting of bone fractures.