Heterologous Expression and Purification Systems for Structural Proteomics of Mammalian Membrane Proteins

摘要

Membrane proteins (MPs) are responsible for the interface between the exterior and the interior of the cell. These proteins are implicated in numerous diseases,such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, epilepsy, hyperinsulinism, heart failure, hypertensionand Alzheimer's disease. However, studies on these disorders are hampered bya lack of structural information about the proteins involved. Structural analysisrequires large quantities of pure and active proteins. The majority of medically andpharmaceutically relevant MPs are present in tissues at very low concentration, whichmakes heterologous expression in large-scale production-adapted cells a prerequisitefor structural studies. Obtaining mammalian MP structural data depends on thedevelopment of methods that allow the production of large quantities of MPs.This review focuses on the different heterologous expression systems, and thepurification strategies, used to produce large amounts of pure mammalian MPs forstructural proteomics.