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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences >The tuberculin skin test: How safe is safe? - the tuberculins contain unknown forms capable ofreverting to cell-wall-deficient mycobacteria
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The tuberculin skin test: How safe is safe? - the tuberculins contain unknown forms capable ofreverting to cell-wall-deficient mycobacteria

机译:结核菌素皮肤测试:安全性如何? -结核菌素含有未知形式,能够恢复为细胞壁缺陷的分枝杆菌

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Tuberculin is made from proteins derived from tubercle bacilli that have been “killed” byheating. Yet in both Zwadyk’s 1994 study and Bemer-Melchior’s 1999 investigations ‘heatkilled’tuberculosis and its related mycobacteria, whether in tuberculin, vaccination or otherwise,have dormant, practically indestructible cell-wall-deficient forms which can revert backto virulent TB bacilli “killed” ― by neither heat nor sterilization. The ability and actual preferenceof mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis toform filterable, multi-shaped cell-wall-deficient (CWD) forms and spores in order to surviveunfavorable conditions has in fact been known for some time. But the possibility of PPD tuberculinsfor human use containing such potentially virulent CWD forms, even after autoclaving,sterilizing and ultrafiltration, has not. Autoclaved ultra-filtrates of the various mycobacteriaused to produce tuberculin skin tests, consisting of M. Tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. aviumwere investigated. All samples were mixed with growth stimulant, incubated, and placedon a special nutrient medium with a 1% agar base. Within 2-10 days after incubation coloniesof a variety of non-acid-fast forms were noted, yet all of these proved, through PCR real timewith FAM probe to still have antigens in common with their classic tubercular parent-form,from which they originated. Moreover, in true cell-wall-deficient fashion, the isolates, uponguinea pig inoculation, did not immediately produce visible lesions, but nevertheless persisted.However, tissue homogenates of the infected animals, once placed on a growth-enhancingmedium showed cell-wall-deficient mycobacterial forms interspersed with classical acid-fastrods. And a repeated passage of such tissue homogenates back into non-infected guinea pigs,not only induced small mycobacterial granulomas in their livers, but a distinct increase in acid-fast rods. Moreover, similar cell-wall-deficient mycobacterial forms with acid-fast rods occurredwhen embryonated chicken eggs were inoculated with PPD tuberculins as well.The autoclaved and supposedly “sterilized” purified protein derivative [PPD] used in tuberculinskin tests contain cell-wall-deficient forms capable of eventually reverting back to virulentacid-fast tuberculosis, both typical and atypical.
机译:结核菌素由结核杆菌衍生的蛋白质制成,这些蛋白质已通过加热被“杀死”。然而,在Zwadyk的1994年研究和Bemer-Melchior的1999年研究中,无论是在结核菌素,疫苗接种还是其他形式下,“热灭绝”的结核病及其相关分枝杆菌均​​具有休眠状态,几乎是坚不可摧的细胞壁缺陷形式,可以转化为“杀死”的强力结核杆菌。 ―既不加热也不灭菌。实际上已经知道一段时间以来,诸如结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌的分枝杆菌形成可过滤的,多形的细胞壁缺陷型(CWD)形式和孢子的能力和实际偏好。但是,即使在高压灭菌,灭菌和超滤后,含有此类潜在强毒CWD形式的人用PPD结核菌素的可能性也没有。对各种分枝杆菌的高压灭菌超滤液用于生产结核菌素皮肤试验,包括结核分枝杆菌,牛分枝杆菌和鸟分枝杆菌。将所有样品与生长刺激剂混合,孵育,并置于含1%琼脂碱的特殊营养培养基上。孵育后2-10天内,注意到各种非耐酸形式的菌落,但所有这些都已通过FAM探针通过PCR实时证明仍然具有与其经典结核母体形式相同的抗原。 。此外,以真正的细胞壁缺陷方式,接种豚鼠的分离株并没有立即产生可见的病变,但仍然持续存在。然而,一旦被感染的动物的组织匀浆置于生长增强培养基中,其细胞壁就会被破坏。缺陷的分枝杆菌形式散布着经典的耐酸棒。这种组织的反复传回使组织匀浆回到未感染的豚鼠中,不仅在肝脏中诱发了小的分枝杆菌肉芽肿,而且耐酸棒的数量也明显增加。此外,当用PPD结核菌素接种鸡胚鸡蛋时,也发生了类似的带有抗酸棒的细胞壁缺陷型分枝杆菌形式。用于结核菌素皮肤试验的高压灭菌和所谓的“灭菌”纯化蛋白衍生物[PPD]含有细胞壁缺陷型。最终能够恢复为典型的和非典型的耐酸酸肺结核的形式。

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