BSQUEDA DE LCERA DE BURULI EN EL URAB CHOCOANO Y ANTIOQUEO, COLOMBIA 2006. SEARCH OF BURULI ULCER IN CHOCO AND ANTIOQUIA, URABA COLOMBIA, 2006.

摘要

Introduccin: en Colombia no se ha reportado ningn caso de lcera de Buruli (UB), an teniendo regiones con caractersticas similares a zonas endmicas. En nuestro medio, la proximidad geogrfica y las condiciones ambientales similares con los pases de Sur y Centro Amrica donde se han reportado casos, motivan a buscar activamente pacientes sospechosos de UB, y aplicar tcnicas de laboratorio moleculares especficas para brindar un adecuado diagnstico. Objetivo: buscar casos de lcera de Buruli (UB) en Urab chocoano y antioqueo, (Colombia) durante el ao 2006. Materiales y mtodos: se estudiaron casos provenientes de las reas de estudio, para establecer la causa etiolgica de las lesiones utilizando mtodos de diagnstico clnico, microbiolgico, histopatolgico y molecular. Resultados: en cinco pacientes (6 %) no se pudo establecer la causa etiolgica de la lcera (leishmaniosis, micosis, lceras venosas o arteriales, cncer). El examen clnico de estos pacientes no fue concluyente de UB, sin embargo debido a la falta de documentacin de casos en Colombia, se proces biopsia de la lesin para detectar ADN de Mycobacterium ulcerans por reaccin en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Todas las pruebas de PCR fueron negativas para ADN de Mycobacterium ulcerans. Conclusiones: debido a indicadores epidemiolgicos que sealan a Colombia con condiciones geogrficas y ambientales similares a las que se presentan en regiones endmicas, como Per, Guyana Francesa, Mxico, Surinam, es necesario continuar con su bsqueda. ABSTRACT Introduction: in Colombia there are no reported cases of Buruli ulcer (BU), however the geographic and environmental characteristics are similar to endemic regions, and the proximity to other countries in South and Central America where there are reported cases, makes it an important issue to search for them, using molecular techniques specific for BU diagnostic. Objectives: to search for Buruli ulcer (BU) at the Urab region of Choc and Antioquia in Colombia, during 2006. Materials and methods: patients with skin ulcer from the study region were tested to establish the etiologic cause of the lesions, using clinical, microbiological, pathological and molecular methods. Results: Five patients were tested for BU using PCR test, since other etiologic causes of the ulcer (leishmaniosis, mycosis, venous or arterial ulcer, others) were not determined. Clinical examination of the patients was not conclusive of BU; but due to the lack of documented cases in Colombia, biopsies were taken from patients for detection of M. ulcerans by PCR. All the samples samples tested negative for DNA of Mycobacterium ulcerans. Conclusions: due to the epidemiological indicators that show that Colombia has the geographic and environmental conditions similar to endemic regions, as Per, French Guyana, Mxico and Surinam it is necessary to continue with the search.