CHROMATOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION, PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO INHIBITORY EVALUATION OF PYRENACANTHA STAUDTII HUTCH AND DALZ (ICACACINANCAE) ON THE GUINEA PIG ILEUM

摘要

Pyrenacantha staudtii (Hutch and Dalz), Icacinaceae is a medicinal plant used in trado - medical practice forthe treatment of dysmenorrheal and gastrointestinal disorders. The leaf extract is also used in ethno - medicinefor the treatment of threatened abortion. The present study aimed at assessing the scientific evaluation of theethnomedicinal claim on isolated guinea pig ileum suspended in an organ bath containing a physiological saltsolution of Tyrode solution at a pH of 7.35, and also to investigate the phytochemical constituents andquantitative parameters like the moisture content, ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash andextractive values such as alcohol and water extractives which can be used in the identification of the leaf of P.staudtii. The crude extract of the plant was subjected to thin layer and vacuum liquid chromatography withdifferent solvent systems. The phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins andsaponins in the leaves of P. staudtii. The proximate analysis gave 5.40 ?± 0.02 % as the moisture content, 5.25 ?±0.01 % as ash value, 2.58 ?± 0.13 % as acid insoluble ash and 3.25 ?± 0.08 % as water soluble ash value. Thealcohol and water extractives of 7.20 ?± 0.04 % and 8.10 ?± 0.13 % respectively were obtained. The thin layerchromatography profile of the fractionated crude extract indicated the presence of compounds with different Rfvalues. The pharmacological evaluation revealed a very significant (P<0.05) inhibitory effect of the extract onhistamine and acetylcholine induced ileum contractions. The relaxation of the guinea ileum by the extract, hasjustified the claims for which the plant is known and used.