Recyclage des déchets et dynamiques sociales dans la transition du rural au périurbain à la Réunion

摘要

In a context of rapid urbanization, the insularity of Reunion Island makes waste management complex and calls for finding recycling solutions. Official requests for authorizing the spreading of sewage sludge on sugarcane are a source of conflict. The concern of a stronger territorial integration of agricultural activities, as illustrated by the spreading of urban waste, now disturbs the relationship between sugarcane producers and the sugar industry. This issue clearly differentiates the local (farmers, actors of the municipalities) and regional (agricultural production sectors, agricultural profession, administrations) institutional positions. This process of territorial integration is not new because it is part of the much broader changes in the society, initiated with the departmentalization of the island in 1946. In agriculture, following the land reform of the 1960s, these transformations first resulted in the emergence of a family farming directly bound to the agroindustrial sugar sector, at the expense of large landownership. Then, from the sugar sector logic to today's territorial and environmental issues seized by farmers, this new agriculture of Reunion Island demonstrates the ability of the society to reformulate its concerns by gradually replacing obsolete frameworks.