Using RAPD markers to assess the genetic diversity of almond trees (Prunus dulcis Mill.)

摘要

More than 100 almond cultivars grown in Tunisia could be a source of genetic variation adapted to the Mediterranean environment, provided that a proper classification identifying similar characteristics and synonymous cultivars is made. DNA-based assays could integrate traditional classifications based on morphology. RAPD markers (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) were used to analyse the genetic diversity of Tunisian almond cultivars and their relationships with foreign cultivars. Out of 50 primers tested, 10 were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. Eighty-five out of 137 polymerase chain reaction fragments (62% of the total bands) were scored to be polymorphic. Cultivar relationships were estimated using multivaried analyses (FCA, PCA) based on RAPD data. The results indicate a strong genetic affinity among the cultivars, in spite of different geographic origins. RAPD seemed to be an effective tool to assess germplasm organization for further breeding programs.