Potential of nitrogen-fixing symbiotic systems for revegetation strategies of degraded land sites in Mediterranean conditions

摘要

Plant symbioses are fundamental for ecosystem stability and sustainability. Introduction of legumes associated with microorganisms efficient in nitrogen fixation and promoting nutrient biodisponibility in limited-nutrient degraded sites is a key step for a successful plant establishment in stress situations such as those encountered in Mediterranean soils. A vegetation strategy based on microbial engineering of locally-adapted plants was investigated and tested in field conditions within the framework of calcareous quarry rehabilitation. Choice of symbiotic plants requires, first, a prospection of native legume species growing in relatively degraded sites in Mediterranean areas and easy to multiply, and second, an identification and production of efficient rhizobial partners. Plants produced in nursery and then transplanted into the quarry showed a good capacity for establishment after three years. Shrub species performed best with spontaneous mycorrhizal association and ability to enrich topsoil with organic matter.