Is it useful to increase dialysate flow rate to improve the delivered Kt?

摘要

Background Increasing dialysate flow rates (Qd) from 500 to 800?ml/min has been recommended to increase dialysis efficiency. A few publications show that increasing Qd no longer led to an increase in mass transfer area coefficient (KoA) or Kt/V measurement. Our objectives were: 1) Studying the effect in Kt of using a Qd of 400, 500, 700?ml/min and autoflow (AF) with different modern dialysers. 2) Comparing the effect on Kt of water consumption vs. dialysis time to obtain an individual objective of Kt (Ktobj) adjusted to body surface. Methods This is a prospective single-centre study with crossover design. Thirty-one patients were studied and six sessions with each Qd were performed. HD parameters were acquired directly from the monitor display: effective blood flow rate (Qbe), Qd, effective dialysis time (Te) and measured by conductivity monitoring, final Kt. Results We studied a total of 637 sessions: 178 with 500?ml/min, 173 with 700?ml/min, 160 with AF and 126 with 400?ml/min. Kt rose a 4% comparing 400 with 500?ml/min, and 3% comparing 500 with 700?ml/min. Ktobj was reached in 82.4, 88.2, 88.2 and 94.1% of patients with 400, AF, 500 and 700?ml/min, respectively. We did not find statistical differences between dialysers. The difference between programmed time and Te was 8′ when Qd was 400 and 500?ml/min and 8.8′ with Qd?=?700?ml/min. Calculating an average time loss of eight minutes/session, we can say that a patient loses 24′ weekly, 312′ monthly and 62.4?hours yearly. Identical Kt could be obtained with Qd of 400 and 500?ml/min, increasing dialysis time 9.1′ and saving 20% of dialysate. Conclusions Our data suggest that increasing Qd over 400?ml/min for these dialysers offers a limited benefit. Increasing time is a better alternative with demonstrated benefits to the patient and also less water consumption.