Propiedades hidrológicas del suelo y exportación de sedimentos en dos microcuencas de la Cordillera de la Costa en el sur de Chile con diferente cobertura vegetal

摘要

Soil hydrological properties and sediment transport in two headwater catchments with native evergreen forest and plantation of Eucalyptus globulus, located at the Coastal Mountain Range in southern Chile, were studied. Streamflow loggers and sediment collectors were installed, infiltration rates were measured and soil hydrological properties, such as saturated hydraulic conductivity, porous continuity index and hydrophobicity were determined. The results showed significant differences in the infiltration rates between native forest and E. globulus plantation, since in the native forest they fluctuated between 703.3 ± 380.0 and 76.9 ± 56.7 mm h-1, in March and July respectively, meanwhile in the plantation they fluctuated between 23.0 ± 19.7 and 6.7 ± 5.0 mm h-1 in August and April, respectively (mean ± 1 SD). Saturated hydraulic conductivity under the native forest was signifcantly higher (P