Prehistoric and historic hydraulic technologies in stormwater and wastewater management in Greece: a brief review

摘要

Development of urban settlements during ancient years in Greece created the need for sewerage and drainage system infrastructures. For the first time, open sewerage systems mainly stone-built are found in the Minoan Civilization. Back in those times, extensive collection systems and use of storm-water has been recorded. At the same time, wastewater was used in order to fertilize agricultural land. Developed knowledge and technology on hydraulic and sewerage systems was also found in Cycladic and Mycenaean Civilization where significant irrigation systems were found. After a period of stability, throughout the Geometric period, gradual progress was observed, which peaked in Classical and Hellenistic period from 479 BC until 67 BC. During Roman Era, baths, toilets, and sewerage systems were established.