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A study on coordination of capacity allocation for different types of contractual retailers

机译:不同类型的合同零售商的能力分配协调研究

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Because the demand is uncertain and it is impossible to expand capacity immediately, suppliers in supply chains are faced with insufficient capacity. As a result, they are unable to satisfy fully the demand from many retailers. Sometimes the use of additional shifts or outsourcing may resolve the problem, but many times, suppliers have to seek ways to appropriately allocate their limited capacity to the retailers. A non-cooperative coordinative mechanism is often required which has to be acceptable and beneficial for all members of the supply chain. This study considers a supply chain with a single supplier and multiple retailers in which the retailers are categorized into two types: ordinary and privileged, according to the steadiness of their partnership with the supplier. The primary concern is to coordinate the capacity allocation within the supply chain with the uses of quantity discount and strategic price-quantity auction with consideration of maintaining fairness and a long-term steady partnership. Our analytical results show that both parties benefit from these coordination mechanisms since the supplier's profit increases because the retailers are incentiv-ized to place orders with higher quantities, lowering the cost of idle capacity and increasing revenues. In the meantime, retailers are able to trim down their ordering costs and fairly compete for limited capacity, which reduces the transaction risks and shortage costs for uncertain demands, and thus increases their profits.
机译:由于需求不确定,不可能立即扩大产能,因此供应链中的供应商面临产能不足的问题。结果,他们不能完全满足许多零售商的需求。有时使用额外的班次或外包可以解决问题,但是很多时候,供应商必须设法将有限的产能适当地分配给零售商。通常需要一种非合作的协调机制,该机制必须对供应链的所有成员都是可以接受和有益的。这项研究考虑了具有单个供应商和多个零售商的供应链,根据零售商与供应商之间的合作关系的稳定性,将零售商分为两种类型:普通和特权。首先要考虑的是通过考虑保持公平性和长期稳定的合作关系,利用数量折扣和战略性价格拍卖来协调供应链中的产能分配。我们的分析结果表明,双方都受益于这些协调机制,因为供应商的利润增加了,因为零售商被激励下更大数量的订单,从而降低了闲置成本并增加了收入。同时,零售商能够削减订单成本并公平竞争有限的容量,从而降低了交易风险和不确定需求的短缺成本,从而增加了利润。

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