ROLE OF NONTRADITIONAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS AMONG EVACUEES FROM THE 30-km EXCLUSION ZONE OF THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

摘要

Results of an investigation of the dynamics of the frequency of chromatid-type aberrations, acentric paired fragments, and hyper- and polyploidy in blood lymphocytes of evacuated residents of the city of Pripyat' and other population centers in the 30-km exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Changes in the cytogenetic indicators in the evacuees appeared in the form of a gradual reduction in the frequency of structural rearrangements of the chromosomes and genomic destruction from a reliably elevated level in the first one or two years following the accident to the subcontrol values at the end of the 14-year period of observation. In the early periods after exposure a higher frequency of chromatid exchanges is found in adult male evacuees while among women 23—35 years of age, an elevated level of polyploidy by comparison with other subgroups. Differences in the nature of the changes in the frequency of fragmental aberrations among individuals with different periods of evacuation are demonstrated. The role of a complex of mutagenic factors associated with the emergency situation in the zone of Chernobyl nuclear power plant in inducing an elevated level of cytogenetic damage among evacuees is discussed.