首页> 外文期刊>Crop and Pasture Science >The influence of water deficiency on the relationship between canola (Brassica napus L.), and two aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)
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The influence of water deficiency on the relationship between canola (Brassica napus L.), and two aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)

机译:缺水对油菜(Brassica napus L.)和两个蚜虫物种(半翅目:蚜科),Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)和Brevicoryne brasicae(L.)之间关系的影响

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摘要

Commercially grown canola, Brassica napus, is negatively affected by both water deficiency and herbivory. A glasshouse experiment evaluated the relationship between water deficiency and herbivory of two aphid species, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on canola. The effect of water deficiency on aphid performance was also evaluated. Brassica napus plants were provided with either continuous water (well-watered) or were watered only once per week (water-deficient). The plants were exposed to either B. brassicae, L. erysimi, or no aphids at all. Aphid population increase, plant growth, and water relations were measured after 3 weeks.nnWater deficiency reduced plant growth and altered water relations in B. napus. Feeding by the aphid L. erysimi substantially reduced growth of both water-deficient and well-watered B. napus. However, herbivory by B. brassicae reduced plant growth only in conjunction with water limitation, demonstrating an interaction between limited water and insect infestation on the performance of B. napus. The aphid species and water deficiency treatments also differentially affected turgor potential, osmotic potential, leaf water potential, and leaf water content.nnThe two species of aphids responded differently to changes in their host plants. The average size and numbers of B. brassicae aphids were lower but the percentage of alates was higher on plants with limited water relative to those on well-watered plants. The average size and numbers of L. erysimi aphids were unaffected by water limitation and the percentage of alates produced was slightly reduced in the water-deficient plants.nnWater limitation is likely to reduce the growth of plants, particularly when B. brassicae infests the crop. However, L. erysimi is probably the more serious pest of the two aphids in that it reduced plant growth regardless of watering regime and its development was unaffected by the status of the host plant.
机译:商业种植的低芥酸菜籽油菜受到缺水和草食的不利影响。温室试验评估了低油菜籽上两个蚜虫Brevicoryne Brasicae(L.)和Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)(Hemiptera:Aphididae)的水分缺乏与草食之间的关系。还评估了缺水对蚜虫性能的影响。向甘蓝型油菜植物提供连续水(浇水充足)或每周浇水一次(缺水)。使植物暴露于芸苔芽孢杆菌,erysimi L.或完全没有蚜虫。 3周后测量蚜虫种群增加,植物生长和水的关系。缺水会降低甘蓝型油菜的植物生长并改变水的关系。蚜虫L. erysimi的摄食显着减少了缺水和水分充足的甘蓝型油菜的生长。然而,芸苔芽孢杆菌的食草性仅与水分限制一起降低了植物的生长,这表明有限的水分和昆虫侵染之间对油菜芽孢杆菌性能的相互作用。蚜虫种类和缺水的处理方式也不同地影响了膨大势,渗透势,叶片水势和叶片含水量。两种蚜虫对寄主植物变化的反应不同。与水分充足的植物相比,水分有限的植物中的芸苔小菜蚜虫的平均大小和数量均较低,但叶酸盐的百分比较高。在缺水的植物中,erysimi蚜虫的平均大小和数量不受水分限制,生成的板岩的百分比略有减少.nn水分限制可能会减少植物的生长,特别是当芸苔芽孢杆菌侵染作物时。但是,红孢乳杆菌可能是两种蚜虫中最严重的害虫,因为无论浇水方式如何,它都会降低植物的生长,并且其发育不受宿主植物的状况的影响。

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