情報用紙製造技術の系統化（2）: 製紙産業概史と20世紀後半期における抄紙機の改良

摘要

The paper making process invented in China evolved from hand-made to machine-made during the industrial revolution. The process was further technologically developed and the paper industry became one of big industries using mass-production system. In the late 20th century, information once transferred on paper has been available in various ways and is exploding in digitally networked society, and the share of paper media is drastically declining.rnThe paper making process in the 1950s had several defects which came from its fundamental design. They were fiber orientation and two-sidedness at sheet forming, and uncontrolled shrinkage during drying. As request of reliable performance at end uses like printing is more demanding, the design of paper machine has been changed to satisfy the request, Those improvements are reviewed in this and the next papers.%情報用紙の生産では製紙産業としての汎用技術が基礎にあるので，その基礎技術を解説する．この章では，以下の項目について2回に分けて解説する．1．紙の技術史概説：発明から産業の持続性，情報流通の爆発まで2．パルプとは，紙とは3．抄紙の原理と抄紙機の発展4．パルプの配向性のコントロール（次号）5．塗工の原理と塗工技術の発展（次号）．