ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ КОМПЕНСАЦИИ РЕАКТИВНОЙ МОЩНОСТИ ДЛЯ ПРЕДОТВРАЩЕНИЯ ВЕЕРНЫХ ОТКЛЮЧЕНИЙ

摘要

Проведен краткий анализ веерных отключений. Проанализировано влияние реактивной мощности на возникновение и распространение каскадных аварий в энергосетях. Рассмотрены проблемы эксплуатации систем компенсации реактивной мощности с точки зрения борьбы с веерными отключениями.%The main task of the article consists in electric power grids basic emergency modes, leading to rolling blackouts, analysis, and high-speed reactive power smooth regulator (RPR) design for the existing domestic reactive power compensation systems (RPCS). Failures analysis at industrial enterprises and substations revealed that one of the main reasons resulting in avalanche failures and blackouts is reactive power circulation, representing an integral part of complex electromechanical mechanisms functioning. However, the excessive amount of reactive power and circulation leads to complications and serves as the cause of failures. Various reactive power-compensating systems, such as either static (capacitor installations), or dynamic (synchronous compensators), are widely used in the industry. However, preference is given to the static ones due to low price and durability. Their implementation for the most part pursues only economic benefits, namely energy cost reduction. Nevertheless, with certain updating these installations can be implemented successfully for failures, resulting in blackouts, prevention. On the example of compensating installation, developed by the authors, they suggest to replace one of the critical elements for the purpose of regulating properties improvement. This element is Reactive Power Regulator of foreign manufacture. It has a number of disadvantages, which presence may result in cascade fault. The proposed new regulator is a thyristor reactive power regulator consisting of a transformer, network mode sensor, regulator, control block, thyristor switches and a filter. This paper presents the schematic diagram and computation algorithms for voltage level sensor parameters, network mode sensor parameters and filter parameters. The computation of the unit reliability is presented either.