Signal Indicators of Regulatory Changes in the Respiratory System under Physiological Deviation Conditions

摘要

the problem of assessing regulatory changes in the respiratory system during physiological changes in the vegetative nervous and hormonal profile of professional athletes in different periods of the menstrual cycle is described in the article. Observations were conducted for athletes of age ranges (16-26 and 37-45 years), specializing in long distances of sports swimming, athletics and cycling. A series of studies with the use of immunoenzyme, rheographic, spiropnevmotachometric and gasometric types of analysis were conducted. In the in vitro test in the range of 37-45 years anovulatory nature is defined and in the range of 16-26 years ovulatory character of the menstrual cycle is defined. The author's technique of definition of signal indicators and diagnostics of periodic changes in the respiratory rhythm using the phonogram of respiration and Fourier analysis are detailed. The material on the influence of the regulatory factors of the anovulatory and ovarian-menstrual cycle on the respiratory rhythm of athletes is presented. In athletes with ovarian-menstrual cycle, respiration at a relatively high frequency (0.36 ± 0.175 s~(-1)) was recorded from 13 to 16 days from the onset of menstruation, which indicates the increased rate of respiration. A relatively low respiratory rate (0.19 ± 0.138 s~(-1)), that is, a rare rhythm of respiration, was noted between 8 and 9 days. For athletes with anovulatory menstruation cycle is characterized by an increase in the frequency of respiration from the menstrual period to the period from 20 to 22 days (0.33 ± 0.021 s~(-1)) and decrease in the respiratory rate during the period from 26 to 27 days (0.23 ± 0.021 s~(-1)). Significant changes in the periods of the respiratory cycle on the respiratory periodogram of athletes were correlated with changes in the activity of segmental parts of the autonomic nervous system. Statistically significant correlations between the parameters of the ventilator and nervous regulatory functions were revealed. The obtained data accent attention on the effective use of periodogram analysis of respiratory rhythm for predicting periodic changes in respiratory function of athletes, depending on the conditions of preservation of the ovarian-menstrual function.