Ocular and systemic causes of retinopathy in patients without diabetes mellitus

摘要

1. Many people without diabetes may have signs of retinopathy (microaneurysms, retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots) 2. Ocular conditions associated with retinopathy in non-diabetic patients include retinal vein occlusions, retinal telangiectasia, and retinal macroaneurysms 3. Systemic conditions associated with retinopathy in non-diabetic patients include systemic hypertension, carotid atherosclerotic diseases, blood dyscrasias, systemic infections, and past radiotherapy to the head 4. Doctors should be aware of the common causes and clinical significance of these conditions, as retinopathy may be associated with visual loss (for example, retinal vein occlusion) or increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (for example, hypertensive retinopathy) 5. Appropriate investigations and referral, if necessary, are advisable in the management of patients presenting with non-diabetic retinopathy.