MEASURES OF ASSOCIATION AND VISUALIZATION OF LOG ODDS RATIO STRUCTURE FOR A TWO WAY CONTINGENCY TABLE

摘要

The odds ratio (OR) is a measure of association used for analysing an I x J contingency table. The total number of ORs to check grows with I and J. Several statistical methods have been developed for summarising them. These methods begin from two different starting points, the I x J contingency table and the two-way table composed by the ORs. In this paper we focus our attention on the relationship between these methods and point out that, for an exhaustive analysis of association through log ORs, it is necessary to consider all the outcomes of these methods. We also introduce some new methodological and graphical features. In order to illustrate previously used methodologies, we consider a data table of the cross-classification of the colour of eyes and hair of 5387 children from Scotland. We point out how, through the log OR analysis, it is possible to extract useful information about the association between variables.