We present Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) observations for galaxies at redshift z < 0.3 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) showing large velocity dispersions while appearing to be single galaxies in HST images. The high signal-to-noise HET spectra provide more definitive velocity dispersions. The maximum velocity dispersion we find is σ_* = 444 km s~(-1). Emission-line widths in QSOs indicate that black holes can exist with masses M_· exceeding 5 billion M_σ, implying σ_* > 500 km s~(-1) by the local M_·-a_* relationship. This suggests either that QSO black hole masses are overestimated or that the black hole-bulge relationship changes at high black hole mass. The latter option is consistent with evidence that the increase in σ_* with luminosity levels off for the brightest elliptical galaxies.
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机译：我们从Sloan数字天空调查（SDSS）提出了红移z <0.3时星系的Hobby-Eberly望远镜（HET）观测结果，它显示出较大的速度色散，而在HST图像中似乎是单个星系。高信噪比的HET谱提供了更确定的速度色散。我们发现最大速度色散为σ_* = 444 km s〜（-1）。 QSO中的发射线宽度表明，黑洞可以存在，其质量M_·超过50亿M_σ，通过局部M_·-a_ *关系暗示σ_*> 500 km s〜（-1）。这表明要么高估了QSO黑洞质量，要么在高黑洞质量时黑洞-凸起关系发生了变化。后一种选择与以下证据一致：对于最亮的椭圆星系，随着光度的增加，σ_*趋于平稳。
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