Monitoring Humus Content of Chernozems (Black Soils) and Soil Water Pollution Rate in the Pre-Ural Forest-Steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan

摘要

The current state of the anthropogenically transformed chernozems was monitored. The study was conducted in the forest-steppe of the Bashkir Pre-Urals. The monitoring has revealed worse soil fertility, which in turn negatively affects the environment, causing water pollution as a result of the anthropogenic transformation of black soils. The paper presents monitoring results of humus content in the chernozem (black soil) transformed under anthropogenic impacts for 1965-2016. The study data demonstrates that a single lifting of planting material results in the total of carbon removed from the soil in different soil subtypes and different strata within the range of 198 to 839 kg and over per each million of seedlings. These processes bring about a significant reduction in soil organic matter, depletion of nutrients. Application of pesticides and other chemical treatment practices have a negative effect on the quality of soil water. To improve the situation it is necessary to apply grass arable rotation methods as well as phyto-reclamation practices combined with a science-based system of fertilizers.