Interaction of Angiogenically Stimulated Intermediate CD163+ Monocytes/Macrophages With Soft Hydrophobic Poly(n-Butyl Acrylate) Networks With Elastic Moduli Matched to That of Human Arteries

摘要

The cell population of peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages (MO) is heterogeneous: The majority of the MO are CD14++ CD16- and named “classical” (= MO1). Furthermore, two other subpopulations were described: CD14++ CD16+ (“intermediate”?=?MO2) and CD14+ CD16++ (“non-classical”?=?MO3). It is reported that MO2 possess anti-inflammatory properties and express the MO lineage marker CD163. On a hydrophilic neutrally charged acrylamide-based hydrogel human intermediate (CD14++ CD16+), angiogenically stimulated CD163++ monocytes/macrophages (aMO2) maintained a proangiogenic and noninflammatory status for at least 14 days. Here, we explored whether this aMO2 subset adhered to hydrophobic poly(n-butyl acrylate) networks (cPnBA) and also remained in its proangiogenic and noninflammatory status. Because substrate elasticity can impact adherence, morphology, and function of cells, cPnBAs with different Young's modulus (250 and 1100?kPa) were investigated, whereby their elasticity was tailored by variation of the cross-linker content and matched to the elasticity of human arteries. The cPnBAs exhibited similar surface properties (e.g., surface roughness), which were maintained after ethylene oxide sterilization and exposure in serum-free cell culture medium for 18?h at 37°C. aMO2 were seeded on cPnBA samples (1.7?×?105 cells/1.33?cm2) in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM high glucose) supplemented with vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF-A₁₆₅, 10?ng/mL) and fetal calf serum (10 vol%) for 3 and 72?h. On both polymeric samples (n?=?3 each), the numbers of adherent cells per unit area were significantly higher (P?165 product was found than expected based on the mRNA level measured (P?165 then demonstrated that significantly more VEGF-A₁₆₅ was adhered on cPnBA0250 than on cPnBA1100 (P?165 without release of proinflammatory cytokines. These in vitro results might indicate that this MO subset can be used as cellular delivery system for proangiogenic and noninflammatory mediators to support the endothelialization of cPnBA.