Classification and Analyze Stucco Decorations in Qajar Houses, Tehran, Iran

摘要

The purpose of this research is to identify, classify and analyze a variety of stucco decorations for the houses of Qajar era in Tehran. Qajar houses in Tehran -as the most important historical and cultural legacy remained from the pre-modern era in Iran, are of great importance. Most of the remaining houses belong to lords and famous people. Some of these houses are now continuing their life after changing their type of use; however, many of them have unfortunately also remained abandoned. Inside these houses, there are various decorations; each of which alone can be the subject of discussion. Amazing stuccos, colored Orosis, lattice windows, mirror work, frescoes, tiling, carvings, Karbandi and the like were a part of dozens of decorations available in this building and represent the pinnacle of the Islamic Iranian art. Among all the decorations used in these buildings, the stucco art is manifesting itself more than other arts. This research with an interpretative-historical approach was conducted as a field and library study. The field study is based on field observation, plotting and taking photos of the all available samples and compare them. In this regard, all houses had stucco decoration, detected and studied. At last we classified all kind of stucco decorations and amount of effect of western patterns in these decoration had been analyzed. European-plant pattern as a kind of stucco used instead of Iranian abstract pattern in all of Qajar houses.