Selecting the optimal composition of architectural forms from the perspective of civil defense using AHP and IHWP methods

摘要

The kind and style of arrangement or location of the subjects, one next to another, is called composition form, which is one of the most crucial steps in the process of designing an architectural atmosphere. The absence of a codified and detailed criterion is the main issue of this research to evaluate the compatibility of various composition forms and also the advantages and disadvantages of each form in civil defense perspective. In order to achieve the mentioned goal, first, all the proposed indicators are extracted by interviewing experts in the related field to assess the composition of architectural forms. A questionnaire is presented to the experts and then the existential necessity degree of each index is evaluated by applying the group decision-making method based on pairwise comparisons model and procedures in order to weigh the effective indices to obtain experts' ideas. Implementing this method is the most important criterion in evaluating the composition of architectural forms, due to the results of method calculations and resistance against explosion. The ability to identify the vital spaces of a building is the next important criterion; facilitating crisis management and the way of contact between various spaces in critical conditions are two last ones in this procedure. We concluded that the center-oriented form of composition is the best option from the perspective of civil defense to construct critical and sensitive buildings and the linear form composition is located in the second rank.