In Vivo Bladder Cancer Diagnosis by High-Volume Raman Spectroscopy

摘要

We studied the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy for thendiagnosis of bladder cancer in vivo. Since the invasion stagenis crucial for the treatment choice, a high-volume basednRaman probe was used to investigate the potential ofndetermining the invasiveness of bladder cancer. High qualitynspectra were obtained from suspicious and nonsuspiciousnbladder locations during the procedure of transurethralnresection of bladder tumors (TURBT) with collection timesnof 1-5 s. Multivariate analysis was used to generate thenclassification models. The algorithm was able to distinguishnbladder cancer from normal bladder locations with a sensitivitynof 85% and a specificity of 79%. The Raman spectranof bladder cancer stages showed a gradual increase in thenintensity of specific amino acid peaks and, most likely, annincrease in the intensity of DNA peaks.