Headspace-Liquid Phase Microextraction for Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds at Trace Levels

摘要

A combination of headspace (HS) sampling and liquidnphase microextraction (LPME) has been successfullyndeveloped to solve sensitivity problems in attenuated totalnreflection (ATR) infrared determination of volatile organicncompounds (VOCs). The HS sampling facilitates thenselective extraction of the target volatile analytes from thensample matrix, while the liquid phase microextractionnallows their preconcentration prior to infrared analysis.nThe direct determination of extracted analytes in thenacceptor solvent provides high preconcentration factorsnof the order of 200 with a reduced consumption of organicnsolvents and a minimum generation of wastes, being thusnthe developed methodology a green alternative method.nThe qualitative and quantitative capability of the proposednapproach has been evaluated on the basis of two differentnexamples: (i) screening of benzene, toluene and xylenen(BTX) compounds in soil samples and (ii) quantitativendetermination of toluene in cosmetic nail products.