Expanding a conventional water treatment plant with low-pressure membranes

摘要

This article provides details of one approach for evaluating whether to install low-pressure membranes as part of a water treatment plant (WTP) expansion. Even though the conventional WTP at the Modesto (Calif.) Irrigation District (MID) was exceeding all state and federal water quality requirements, the decision was made to switch to a new filtration technology for the expansion. To verify the membranes' applicability and performance, the MID embarked on an extensive pilot testing program. It also evaluated options for residuals handling and for treating membrane cleaning wastes.