Practice Parameters for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

摘要

Risk factors for allergic rhinitis include a family history of atopy, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels greater than 100 IU per mL (100 kIU per L) before six years of age, higher socioeconomic class, and a positive allergy skin prick test. Decongestants should be used with caution in older adults and young children, as well as in patients with a history of cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, or hyperthyroidism. Consultations and Referrals A referral or consultation with an allergist or immunologist has been shown to improve patient outcomes, and should be considered if patients have symptoms that are not adequately controlled; their quality of life is reduced; they have adverse reactions to medications; they want to identify specific allergens; they have comorbid conditions such as asthma or recurrent sinusitis; or they are considering allergen immunotherapy.