Application of Phase Modulation Enabling Secure Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast

摘要

As a mandatory system for the Next Generation Air Transporation System (NextGen), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) has become one of the most critical avionic systems for future aviation. However, the system's vulnerability and insecurity have also raised both specific concerns and controversies. In this Paper, the authors propose using phase shift keying modulation to overcome the well-known issues related to this avionic. By combining phase shift keying modulation with the pulse position modulation of standard ADS-B, this Secure ADS-B (SADS-B) shows not only the possibility of quintupling the payload of the predecessor but also the compatibility with the standards, requirements, and infrastructures of the ADS-B In/Out currently in use. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and outcomes of the research, this Paper contains both hardware-in-the-loop simulations and flight-test results of the proposed SADS-B. From these results, it can be seen that, on the one hand, by encrypting the extra phase-modulated bits to create digital signatures, SADS-B is capable of authenticating messages, thus increasing the robustness and security level of the system against hazardously misleading information attacks; on the other hand, the extra bits integrated into SADS-B can represent the answer needed to enhance the capacities and efficiency of the ADS-B for future avionics and different applications.