Arthur C. Clarke's famous 1945 paper in Wireless World was the first technical attempt to define direct-to-home satellite broadcasting. The author and colleagues described a technically feasible satellite to demonstrate this in 1965, and in 1966 the author described market services that could be offered. Studies by the National Academy of Sciences for NASA in 1967 defined three classes of broadcast satellites, leading to ATS-6 and CTS satellite programs and a series of service demonstration experiments using them over the period 1974-1979. Results led to operational satellite broadcasting systems in Japan, India and Europe in the 1980s. The United States, having developed the technology and disseminated it internationally, launched its own commercial systems in 1993-1995. The author participated in the NAS studies, ATS-6 and CTS programs, the India National Satellite procurement, and system definition of satellite digital radio broadcasting over the period 1963-1993. This paper is a history of developments in response to the 1996 Pioneer Award.
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机译：亚瑟·克拉克（Arthur C. Clarke）1945年在《无线世界》（Wireless World）中发表的著名论文是首次定义直接入户卫星广播的技术尝试。作者和同事在1965年描述了技术上可行的卫星来演示这一点，并在1966年描述了可以提供的市场服务。美国国家科学院（NASA）在1967年进行的研究将广播卫星划分为三类，从而产生了ATS-6和CTS卫星节目，并在1974-1979年期间进行了一系列使用它们的服务演示实验。结果导致在1980年代在日本，印度和欧洲运行了卫星广播系统。美国已经开发了该技术并在国际上进行了推广，并于1993-1995年启动了自己的商业系统。作者参与了1963-1993年间的NAS研究，ATS-6和CTS计划，印度国家卫星采购以及卫星数字无线电广播的系统定义。本文是响应1996年先锋奖的发展史。
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