A Fully Functional Universal Self-Chargeable Power Module for Portable/Wearable Electronics and Self-Powered IoT Applications

摘要

Realization of self-charging, miniaturized, portable, high output, and sustainable energy harvesting devices with wide application areas and good storage under a realistic environment remains a challenge. Herein, a universal self-chargeable power module (USPM) is presented that can efficiently harvest human bio-mechanical energy, ocean wave blue energy, and automobile vibration energy. By implementing a multiple spring-based mechanical coupling design, the hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generator shows high performance despite miniaturization under very low acceleration (= 1 g) and low frequency (= 6 Hz) vibration. The electromagnetic performance is further optimized by using a soft magnetic material-based flux concentrator while electrospun nanofibers enhance the triboelectric performance. The USPM is a compactly designed device including a power management circuit, a battery charging circuit, built-in rechargeable storage, and a USB-C outlet, providing a direct current power of maximum 34.11 mW. Experimental results show remarkable performance in the context of harvesting biomechanical energy from walking, running, cycling and demonstrates real-time charging of smartphones, earbuds, and smart bands. Similarly, it demonstrates the capability of harvesting blue energy and powering a wireless water health monitoring system using a polyaniline/laser-induced graphene/polydimethylsiloxane based pH sensor. Moreover, it successfully scavenges automobile vibration energy and demonstrates a self-powered wireless in-car environment monitoring system.