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The influence of selected factors on leaching of metals from sewage sludge

机译:选择因素对污水污泥中金属的浸出的影响

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摘要

In Poland, the amount of municipal sewage sludge that contains both organic and inorganic pollutants increases steadily. As a result of penetration of atmospheric precipitations through sludge layers, products of biochemical decomposition of organic matter and soluble mineral compounds are washed away and form contaminated leachates (Arain, J. Hazard. Mater. 154:998–1006, ; Fang, J. Hazard. Mater. 310:1–10, ; Ignatowicz, Environ. Res. 156:19–22, ). Metals contained in these leachates may be particularly burdensome and dangerous, which is due to the toxic nature that disturbs the natural biological balance (Fytili and Zabaniotou, Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 12 (1): 116–140, ). In order to check bio-availability of metals in sewage sludge and find out resulting risks to the environment and human health, apart from the determination of total metal content, speciation analysis is often used. It makes possible a quantitative determination of various chemical forms of metals which are bound in the sewage sludge and finding which of them poses the greatest threat to the environment (Amir, Chemosphere 59:801–810, ; Ciba, Waste Manage. 23:897–905, ; Hei, Procedia Environ Sci 31:232–240, ; Liu, Chemosphere 67(5):1025–1032, ).The degree of immobilization of selected metals in sewage sludge has been determined using one of the sequential extraction methods designed to identify groups of compounds with which the metal is bound. Such a method is the Tessier procedure (Janas, Pol J Environ Stud 26(5A):37–41, ). Results of this research were used to assess the threat resulting from the increase in the amount of sewage sludge; the management of which is subject to constant restrictions (storage of sewage sludge has been prohibited since January 1, 2016).As a result of the conducted research, it was found that metals in sewage sludge, which undergo various transformations, are very difficult to immobilize. The addition of calcium oxide and an agent supporting the composting process to the sludge does not affect radically the increase of leaching of the analyzed elements from the sludge. >Graphical abstractThe schema of proceedings in leaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge after various modifications.
机译:在波兰,同时含有有机和无机污染物的城市污水污泥的数量稳步增加。由于大气沉淀物通过污泥层渗透,有机物和可溶性矿物质的生物化学分解产物被冲走并形成污染的渗滤液(Arain,J。Hazard。Mater。154:998-1006,; Fang,J。危险性,物质310:1-10 ,;伊格纳托维奇(Ignatowicz),环境研究156:19-22,)。这些渗滤液中所含的金属可能特别繁重且危险,这是由于有毒的性质干扰了自然的生物平衡(Fytili和Zabaniotou,Renew。Sust。Energy Rev. 12(1):116-140,)。为了检查污水污泥中金属的生物利用度,并找出对环境和人体健康造成的风险,除了确定总金属含量外,还经常使用形态分析。它可以定量确定污水污泥中所含金属的各种化学形式,并确定其中哪一种对环境构成最大威胁(阿米尔,Chemosphere 59:801–810; Ciba,废物管理。23:897 –905 ,; Hei,Procedia Environ Sci 31:232–240 ,; Liu,Chemosphere 67(5):1025-1032,)。使用一种连续萃取方法确定了污水中污泥中所选金属的固定化程度。用于鉴定与金属结合的化合物组。这种方法是Tessier程序(Janas,Pol J Environ Stud 26(5A):37–41,)。这项研究的结果被用来评估污水污泥量增加带来的威胁。的管理受到不断的限制(自2016年1月1日起禁止污水污泥的存储)。进行的研究发现,污水污泥中经过各种转化的金属非常难于分离。固定。向污泥中添加氧化钙和支持堆肥过程的试剂不会从根本上影响分析元素从污泥中的浸出。 <!-fig ft0-> <!-fig @ position =“ anchor” mode =文章f4-> <!-fig mode =“ anchred” f5-> >图形摘要<!-图/图形|无花果/替代品/图形模式=“锚定” m1-> <!-标题a7->经过各种修改后从污水污泥中浸出重金属的过程示意图。

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