Pathologic myopia is a major cause of low vision and blindness worldwide. Its social and economic burden has been demonstrated by epidemiological studies. There have been recent advances in the classification system for myopic maculopathy that enables clinicians to describe different types of lesions, including tessellated fundus, diffuse/patchy chorioretinal atrophy, macular atrophy, lacquer cracks, choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and Fuchs' spot, in a standardized format. From a therapeutic point of view, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has been established as first-line choice for myopic CNV. For myopic retinoschisis and macular holes with/without retinal detachment, pars plana vitrectomy has been generally accepted as an efficient strategy. Studies are being conducted to determine how to avoid the development of a postoperative macular hole and to improve the quality of vision after surgery. In recent years, studies have revealed preventive measures that can be taken against myopia progression, including low-dose atropine eyedrops and contact lens wearing with peripheral myopic defocusing.
展开▼
机译:病理学近视是全世界低视力和失明的主要原因。流行病学研究证明了其社会和经济负担。近期近期近视疗法分类系统的进展,使临床医生能够描述不同类型的病变,包括镶嵌眼底,弥漫性/斑块胆小血管萎缩,黄斑萎缩,漆裂缝,脉络膜新生血管(CNV)和FUCHS的现场标准化格式。从治疗的角度来看,已建立抗血管内皮生长因子治疗作为近视CNV的一线选择。对于具有/没有视网膜脱离的近视视网膜和黄斑孔,Pars Plana Vertectomy通常被认为是一种有效的策略。正在进行研究以确定如何避免术后黄斑孔的发展,并在手术后提高视力的质量。近年来,研究揭示了可针对近视近视的预防措施,包括低剂量阿托品眼镜和穿着外周近视散焦的隐形眼镜。
展开▼