A longitudinal study defined circulating microRNAs as reliable biomarkers for disease prognosis and progression in ALS human patients

摘要

a MA plot and b expression heatmap of miRNAs expression in healthy and ALS patient sera showing selected downregulated serum miRNAs from sALS and fALS patients compared with healthy controls (CNT). Blue represents downregulation and yellow represents upregulation. Gender, age, and samples ID are indicated. In the scatter plot, log2 fold change of miRNA expression values between healthy and ALS patient sera are plotted against the mean of DESeq2 miRNA normalized read counts. Negative fold changes reflect depletion in ALS patient sera. Dots are colored red if the adjusted p-value for the differential expression test is less than 0.1. c qPCR validation by relative quantification of miR-151a-5p, miR-199a-5p and miR-423-3p in serum samples of 19 sALS and 4 fALS patients with respect to 11 healthy controls. All data were normalized for a spiked miRNA (cel-lin-4) and expressed as fold change with respect to a healthy control set to a value of 1.