Differential neural activity in the recognition of old versus new events: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta‐Analysis

摘要

This study presents a meta‐analysis comparing hit and correct rejection (CR) conditions across 48 fMRI studies. Oldew (hit > CR) effects associated most consistently with (1) components of the default‐mode network, including the left angular gyrus, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral posterior cingulate regions, which may support the mental re‐experiencing of an old event, or ecphory; (2) components of the cognitive‐control network, involving the left dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and bilateral intraparietal sulcus regions, which may mediate memory and non‐memory control functions; and (3) the caudate nucleus, a key part of the brain's reward system that may support the satisfaction tied to target‐detection. Direct comparisons of oldew effects between item versus source retrieval and “remember” versus “know” retrieval yielded three main sets of findings. First, default‐mode network regions showed greater oldew effects in conditions associated with richer ecphoric processing. Second, cognitive‐control network regions showed greater oldew effects in conditions associated with a greater demand for strategic‐retrieval processing. Third, the caudate nucleus showed greater oldew effects in conditions tied to greater confidence in target‐detection. New/old (CR > hit) effects most strongly associated with the bilateral medial temporal lobe, possibly reflecting greater encoding‐related activity for new than for old items, and the right posterior middle temporal regions, possibly reflecting repetition‐related neural priming for old items. In conclusion, neural activity distinguishing old from new events comprises an ensemble of multiple memory‐specific activities, including encoding, retrieval, and priming, as well as multiple types of more general cognitive activities, including default‐mode, cognitive‐control, and reward processing. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.